Islamic Diversity

Denominations of Islam

Muslims share core beliefs in One God, the Quran, and the Prophet Muhammad, but different communities have developed distinct traditions over 1400 years of history.

Select a Branch

Global Distribution

Sunni87-90%
Shia10-13%
Others<1%

Based on Pew Research Center 2009 study of 232 countries. Note: Pew states these figures are approximate as data on sectarian affiliation is infrequently collected.

Sunni Islam

أهل السنة والجماعة

87-90% of Muslims

The largest branch of Islam, following the tradition of Muhammad and the consensus of the community. Sunnis believe in the legitimacy of the first four caliphs (Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali) as the 'rightly guided' successors to the Prophet.

  • Leadership should be based on community consensus (shura)
  • The first four caliphs were rightly guided
  • Leaders are not infallible
  • Following the Sunnah (traditions of the Prophet)
  • Four major schools of jurisprudence: Hanafi, Maliki, Shafi'i, Hanbali

Unity in Diversity

Despite differences in interpretation and practice, all Muslims share the core beliefs in One God (Allah), the prophethood of Muhammad, the Quran as divine revelation, and the Five Pillars of Islam. The Quran emphasizes: "And hold fast to the rope of Allah all together and do not become divided" (3:103).

Sources & Further Reading